Why Literature an Example of the Topic Literature Essays by

Why Literature? In Mario Vargas Llosas essay, Why Literature?, he argues for the importance of literature in human life amidst popular opinion that it has become irrelevant and even on the brink of extinction. He feels the need to defend literature against these existing and almost widely-accepted views in light of everyday instances that seem to support them. Llosa points out to the most obvious evidence of how the habit of reading has become lost among people. He adds the fact that reading has become more and more a female activity (Llosa) and actual conducted surveys prove this. Need essay sample on "Why Literature?" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed The implication of this is that women have more leisure time to spare and more prone to engage in fantasy and illusion than men. For this point, one simply needs to visit the nearest library and find out the same truth for ones self. Even in university libraries and bookstores, women outnumber the men. This could also be the same explanation behind the higher sales of romance novels over other works of fiction, specifically those tackling what are traditionally of interest to men like sports. The only male-directed reading materials that sell well are car and adult magazines. The author does not dwell too much on the gender aspect of the issue, however, because of the possible bias of the argument. People Often Tell EssayLab professionals:I'm don't want to write my essay. Because I want to spend time with my boyfriendEssay writer professionals suggest: Professionals Are Creating Successful College Custom Essays!University Essay Writing Service Write My Essay For Cheap How to do an Assignment Best Essay Writing Service He correlates todays generation of non-readers with the trend of specialization of knowledge. Literature has become unpopular because people have become concerned only with their respective lines of work and expertise. The era of specialization requires the individual to be knowledgeable of the industry jargon, latest theories and techniques, and read technical literature so much so that one could not understand or find the time to read about something else. In consequence, the average human being has forgotten how to be well-rounded. Llosa thinks that as more and more people decide to stop reading literature beyond their high school English class, society itself would lose not only because they (non-readers) are unaware of the pleasure they are missing, but also becausea society without literatureis a society condemned to become spiritually barbaric, and even to jeopardize its freedom (Llosa). Literature, along with other creative fields in the arts and humanities, has always been c onnected with raising the quality of the culture and humanity of men, and in turn, society. The article points to literature as the common denominator of human experience (Llosa). People may have varied skills and belong to differentiated professions, but literature makes us go beyond these differences and look, as in a mirror, those that make us similar to each other like feeling the same emotions, committing the same sins, and going through universal experiences like hoping and dreaming. Actually, it is this insistence of not looking at the singular humanness in people that promotes further inequalities and conflicts among peoples. Narrow-mindedness is the effect of the inability to empathize with others which, in turn, is brought about by a low level of understanding with others who because they seem to look and think differently. Another argument that the writer ascribes to literature is how it not only connects the existing universalities of human beings everywhere but even with the past. Literature is not only a source for history lessons, it also connect the present to the collective human experience across time and space (Llosa). This is an extension to the preceding point on literatures ability to make us understand life as a shared experience with others regardless of cultural or ethnic background. History is a collection of stories of the past. Literature is a repository of human emotions, dreams and aspirations of humanity since humankind learned to reinterpret them through the various literary forms. Literature reminds us that we have been pursuing a goal as humansa heightened sense of humanity which would allow us to co-exists simply as humans. In the next part of the article, the author disparages those who believe that the day will come when books would become obsolete. He picks on Bill Gates whose lifelong dream is to live to see the time when societies would have no need for paper. The irony of this fact is that, this could happen. Many people now read electronic books or e-books. Those who continue to pine for books and do not believe of its impending doom are usually those who, like the author, have grown up reading traditional books. Todays children are even introduced to e-books early in life. Nevertheless, a consolation with this scenario is that, even if paper becomes obsolete, for certain, literature would remain. Even if for nothing more profound, the need to escape to fantastic worlds through reading is a natural need by people burdened with the rigors and monotony of everyday life. More than that, however, literature remains relevant because, as history has shown, it is a catalyst for change. Literary works have had a role in several revolutions that changed the way governments run and people think and lead their lives. Good writers think outside the box, therefore, good stories make readers think beyond what they have been used to. Without literature, we would have nothing by which to reflect upon and nothing to make us realize of the unknown aspects of the human condition, both the sublime andmore importantlythe monstrous. Without literature we would be partly blind because nothing would allow us to discover the most hidden of human realities. Llosa paints a future scenario of a world without literature and imagines it to be overdeveloped and with super advanced technology but this cybernetic world, in spite of its prosperity and power, its high standard of living and its scientific achievement would be profoundly uncivilized and utterly soulless (Llosa). Fut uristic movies about planet Earth usually depict a place where machines control not only daily activities, but humans as well. Maybe they are more accurate than we think judging from the current habits of humans, specifically their inability to appreciate reading literature. Work Cited Llosa, Mario Vargas. Why Literature?

Critically Discussion Nature is Solely Responsible for Human Development

Critically Discussion Nature is Solely Responsible for Human Development Human development is influenced in a great way by nature, but this is not to say that nature is solely responsible for human development. Although heredity as a natural factor has a significant influence on human development, the environmental factors which are categorized as nurture have some level of influence on the general development of human beings. Nature and nurture interact in different ways to influence the development of a human being.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Critically Discussion: Nature is Solely Responsible for Human Development specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The genetic makeup of a person represents nature while nurture is represented by external factors such as education and general upbringing. This essay will critically discuss the view that nature is solely responsible for human development. There has been an argument by scientists that nurture is influenced in a great way by nature. The c laim that nature is solely responsible for human development is not true. Human development is influenced by the interaction between nature and nurture. The behavioral and physical characteristics of a human being are influenced by nature. Human beings grow physically as a result of natural genetic processes. The general body size and other physical characteristics are influenced by heredity. Physical characteristics such as skin color and gender are determined by genetic factors. Psychologists are of the opinion that the early stages of human development are in most cases influenced by environmental factors. The genetic inheritance of a human being influences their development from conception to adulthood. Human beings can inherit some exceptional talents and hereditary traits that affect their development in one way or another. Nature is associated with biological influences that are normally revealed during different stages of life. Nature is solely responsible for the physical d evelopment of humans being while nurture has a great influence on cognitive and behavioral development. It is important to first of all discuss the influence of nurture on human development to give this discussion a new perspective. It is clear from the earlier observation that nature can not be solely responsible for human development. There are other aspects of human development that can not be provided by nature. Nature influences the physical aspects of human development through heredity while external environmental factors influence other aspects of development such intellectual and emotional development. Some psychologists argue that nurture begins its influence from the womb. Genetic influences begin at conception, but some of them are normally revealed during the later stages of life. It is therefore very difficult to discuss human development without mentioning the nurture factor. The capacity of human beings to learn things is influenced to a great extent by environmental factors.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There are different dimensions through which the environmental factors that influence human development can be analyzed. The first category is the physical environment that involves conditions within the womb before a child is born and their physical environment after they are born. The social environment also plays a vital role in human development. Peer pressure from friends and family, and the media content that a child is exposed to at an early age have an influence their general development. Environmental factors can be viewed from different contexts because they affect human development at different levels. Family and friends have an immediate influence on human development while there are other bigger societal factors that influence human beings at different stages of their life. Politics and the education system are examples of macro environmental factors that have a significant influence on human development. Cultural norms and ethnic values are other examples of bigger societal contexts that influence human development. Families and communities have their own standards that have a certain level of impact on human development. At this juncture, it is evident that the genetic makeup of a person is not solely responsible for their development. It is important to also discuss how nature affects human development in order to determine its level of influence in relation to other factors. There are different aspects of human development that need to be discussed, but many scholars pay attention to the biological aspects. The physical aspect of human development serves as a platform for development through nurture. The cognitive abilities and behavioral characteristics of a person define who they are. Human development should be discussed from the physical, emotional, behavioral and cognitive angels in order to have a better understanding. Hereditary abilities and tendencies facilitate the maturation process after conception. The genes that human beings inherit from their parents have some coded information that determines their genetic makeup. The physical development of human beings from the fetus level to adulthood is influenced by nature. Nature is responsible for all the physical characteristics of human beings. Examples of physical characteristics that are influenced by the genetic makeup of a person include gender, height and skin color. Heredity is responsible for all the distinguishing features in human beings. It also important to note that nature is responsible for all the hereditary traits in human beings. Human beings inherit some traits and special talents which have a significant influence on their development. The traits that are normally inherited can be positive or negative depending on the genetic makeup of parents.Advertising We will write a custom essay samp le on Critically Discussion: Nature is Solely Responsible for Human Development specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Human beings are born with both positive and negative traits but nurture plays a critical role in enhancing the positive traits and suppressing the negative ones. The development of a human being from a fetus into an adult is a very gradual process and it takes some time for some of the genetic influences to be manifested. Language and spatial skills are influenced by genetics and therefore the relationship between nature and nurture is very complicated. The observed outcomes in human development are as a result of nature and nurture. The factors responsible for human development influence each other in different ways which makes it difficult to categorically state that one of them is solely responsible for human development. Nature and nurture interact to influence the cognitive, behavioral and emotional development of human bein gs. It is evident from this discussion that both nature and nurture are critical when it comes to human development. The upbringing of a child has a significant influence on their general behavior. Inherited traits have a certain level of influence on human behavior but environmental factors are the most responsible when it comes to enhancing human behavior. Children behave according to the way they are brought up by their parents and the people around them. The behavioral characteristics that are introduced to a growing child will always be part of them until they become adults. The development of a child is influenced in a great way by environmental factors. Children can have some inherited talents that require nurturing for them to be developed. Hard work and proper guidance are very critical in the development of natural talents and interests. Children learn how to do things from the people around them and it is therefore true to say that the early stages of human development ar e influenced by nurture. The complex relationship between nature and nurture can be understood by studying the influence of environmental factors and heredity on the characteristics of children. There are those children who inherit some disabilities from their parents and end up living exceptional lives as a result of good upbringing. An example of this is when a child who is born with some learning disabilities ends up performing well academically because of good nurturing. The nature-nurture controversy has been around for a very long time and is here to stay. Genetic predispositions differentiate human beings from other species because of their influence on group and individual characteristics. The genetic characteristics keep on revealing themselves throughout the entre life of a human being. Nature and nurture should not be polarized in any way because their interaction explains the overall human development. The extent of influence is what generates a lot of debate when it com es to human development.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There are certain behaviors and characteristics that one can not determine whether they are influenced by nature or environmental factors. Violent acts can be linked to genetic mental disorders or environments factors such as poor parenting. Most researchers are of the opinion that certain human behaviors can neither be connected to nature nor nurture. Nature and nurture have a combined influence on the cognitive, behavioral and emotional development in human beings. Environmental and hereditary factors interact to influence important developmental outcomes in human beings. The nature and extent of interaction is what sparks controversy. According to some research findings, the kind of environment that a child is exposed to enhances their genetic predisposition. Nature and nurture influence human development but it has been a great challenge to determine which one of them plays a bigger role. Many researchers agree that nurture plays a greater role in human development. The argument that nature is solely responsible for human development is not true. The intellectual and emotional capacity of human beings is influenced in a great way by nurture. People and circumstances within the environment enhance the capacity of a child to learn new things in their early stages of development. Adequate parenting and positive influence from the schooling system determine the number of things that a child is able to learn in the early stages of their life. Positive hereditary traits can not influence human development if they are not nurtured in the right way. In conclusion, nature is not solely responsible for human development. Nature is in most cases responsible for the physical attributes of human beings but has a very little influence on the cognitive, emotional and behavioral development of human beings. Talents and other traits that are inherited from parents can only be developed through nurture. It is important to note that behavioral and cognitive development can n ot be developed by nature. The physical development of human beings is influenced by nature and enhanced in most cases by nurture. Human development is influenced by the interaction between natural and environmental factors. Although nature is responsible for human development to some extent, environmental factors play the greatest role in the overall development of human beings.

Whats the SAT Score Range

What's the SAT Score Range SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The first step in preparing for the SAT is learning basic info about the test. If you’ve decided to take the SAT, or even if you’re still choosing between the SAT and ACT, it’s important to understand how the test is scored. I’ll give you a crash course in the SAT and its score ranges before talking in more detail about what these scores actually mean- what’s good, what’s bad, and what’s average. SAT: The Basics The SAT is taken by over 2 million students a yearand is accepted by pretty much every college and university. Students submit their test scores as part of their college applications; admissions officers use the scores to help determine whether students are eligible candidates. The higher your score range, the more academically prepared you'll seem to admissions officers. The SAT Score Range Interestingly enough (or maybe not), SAT scores don't start at zero. The SAT comprises two mandatory sections, Evidence-Based Reading Writing and Math.Each section has a minimum score of 200 points and a maximum score of 800 points. In total, then, the lowest score you could receive on the SAT is 400, whereas the highest possible score is 1600. The essay is scored a bit differently. Two scorers award 1-4 points on three different dimensions: reading, analysis, and writing. These aren't factored into your score out of 1600. As it turns out, fewer people get the lowest possible score (400) than get perfect scores (1600). Understanding SAT Scores You don’t just want to know about the SAT score range - you’re also likely interested in what these scores actually mean. What’s good? Bad? Average? Over 2 million students take SAT every year, so we have a lot of data on how people tend to perform. Your definition of good, bad, and average scores will depend on your comparison group- whether you’re concerned about how people perform at the national level, at your high school, or at your target colleges. National SAT Performance I'll start with data on how all SAT test-takers perform so you can get an idea of score distribution at a national level: The average composite SAT score is about 1000 points out of a possible 1600. The 75th percentile - the score that's higher than 75% of other test-takers' scores - is 1200 points. Scores at the 75th percentile and above (1200-1600 points) are generally considered to be excellent. The 25th percentile - the score that's lower than 75% of other test-takers' scores - is 840. Scores at the 25th percentile and below (400-840 points) are generally considered to be low. High School and Target College SAT Performance Although it's helpful to compare your SAT scores to the national average, it's also important to consider other comparison groups. Knowing how your peers tend to perform, in addition to knowing how students at your target colleges tend to perform, will help you come up with a goal score to shoot for. You'll also be better able to compile lists of target, reach, and safety schools. Your peer and target college SAT performance will depend on two obvious factors: where you currently go to high school and where you hope to go to college. Although the process may sound daunting, gathering this SAT score performance information isn't too difficult. For instructions on getting information on how your classmates tend to score, check out our guide on excellent SAT scores. To learn about how to get SAT information for your target schools, read our post on setting a goal score. You can also google "[name of college] PrepScholar admissions requirements." Not too hard, right? What's Next? Now that you know all about the SAT score range, you'll want to bring up your composite score as much as possible. Learn more about studying for the SAT, whether you're in a rush to increase your score or have plenty of time to prepare. Want to earn a perfect score? Read our famous guide to earning a 1600 on the SAT. Disappointed with your scores? Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Business Communications Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business Communications - Assignment Example Employee Concerns ïÆ'Ëœ Segregate and classify technical support staff according to educational background, length of service, and skills in addressing technical support and client concerns. Those who had been with the company for more than five years should address more advanced concerns of clients regarding technical difficulties and problems being encountered. Those who are newly college graduates and have been with the company for less than one year should address basis inquiries and client concerns. The entry level technical support staff should therefore receive more training on issues regarding technical support and customer service satisfaction. Those who had been with the company for more than 5 to 10 years should be evaluated for promotions to supervisory or managerial positions. ïÆ'Ëœ Implement regular performance evaluation that would be the basis for promotions or sanctions, as needed. Those found to be consistently friendly, accommodating, and assists clients and colleagues must be promoted and rewarded. Those who are found to be rude should be sanctioned (reprimand, warning) and be subjected to further training on technical support and customer service, as needed. ïÆ'Ëœ Provision of rewards and promotions; as well as sanctions and penalties, would address issues such as rushing out as soon as the workday ends and failure to address and endorse clients’ concerns.

Strategic Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Strategic Management - Research Paper Example It would represent hoe differentiation has helped in the achievement of success and attainment of customer loyalty worldwide. The study would also reflect the value chain analysis of the organization where it would be mentioning the primary activities and the secondary activities performed. The value chain analysis is an important part while planning for the business strategies as it helps in determination of the activities that are taking place in the business operations. Google does not provide only physical products to its customers. Thus the value chain analysis of the corporation is slightly different. The study would be concluding with discussions of the entire study. The SWOT Analysis, PESTEL Analysis and Porter’s five forces analysis would be mentioned in the appendices. Introduction Today, Google is the most renowned web search engine server. It searches higher than 22 billion pages and makes use of a unique algorithm which helps in receiving the targeted result of th e searched queries. It offers a large number of useful features, high technology based databases, various shortcuts and other services. Googling is to know the way in which Google thinks and search accordingly. It helps in searching in such manner which would work best for the user’s needs. Thus, it includes recognizing the procedure of exploiting Google’s strengths. It also includes knowing the procedure of accessing or using special databases and other features of Google. It is basically one spider program which helps in finding pages on public web followed by building databases from those web pages. Wordnet describes the spider as the computer program which prowls the internet in search of publicly accessible resources which could be added to the database. The similar search box in the home page of Google helps the users by providing them different ways of searching database by means of terms or symbols that would act as the search limiters. The unique page rank sys tem of Google helps in deciding that how the results would be organized for the purpose of display. Company Background Google Inc., is one of the American multinational corporation which is specialized in internet related products and services. It includes searching, cloud computing, different types of online advertising technologies and other software related programs. The organization derives its maximum profits from the AdWords (Google, 2013a). The company was established in the year 1998. It was followed by an initial public offering on 19th August 2004. The mission statement includes organizing the information all over the world and making it easily accessible and meaningful. The unofficial slogan of the organization is ‘Don’t be evil’ (Google, 2013b). After the establishment, Google has seen a rapid growth in terms of partnership, acquisition and chain of the product offerings. The online productivity software of the organization includes one official suite (Google Drive), email (Gmail) and the social networking website (i.e. Google+). The desktop products include various applications for editing or organizing photos, web browsing and various other features such as instant messaging. The organization leads in the development of the ‘Android Cellular Operating System’

Jeff Bezos Essay Example for Free

Jeff Bezos Essay Jeff Bezos is an American entrepreneur who was very influential in the growth of e-commerce. He is the chief executive and founder of Amazon.com, Inc., a company that began as an online merchant of books before it expanded to a wide variety of products. Amazon.com is the largest retailer on the internet and the model for internet sales. According to Drexler (2007), Bezos began his early career in house school. He developed the Dream institute which promoted creative thinking among the young students. He graduated in 1986 from Princeton University with two degrees, computer science and electrical engineering. In 1990, he joined D.E Shaw Co. where he became the vice president. In 1994, he quit the company and opened a virtual bookstore in Seattle, Washington. He worked from his garage for a while as he developed the software for his site which he named Amazon.com. The greatest challenge for the company came in 1995, when Bezos needed money to launch his company. He needed $1 million to keep the company running for at least 2 years. It was very challenging because he needed the whole $1 million at once. According to him, this was a time when the company could have collapsed even before it got started. It was difficult for investors to fund his idea because they were skeptical about the potential of the internet. Ultimately, he managed to raise the whole amount from about 20 angel investors. Another challenge was convincing people to buy products via the internet when they could make a special order from retailers and get the product at their door step. In addition, every retailer streamed online (Drexler, 2007). Because of the competition, the companys market capital dropped from $32.1 billion to $8.9 billion in six years. Some people even called it Amazon.org because it seemed like a non-profit company. Bezos is eager to maintain the success of his business for many years. Kendrick Vershinina (2010) assert that he created an excellent brand that strives on adapting to the evolving business environment and constant growth. He believes that if customers get a great experience from a retailer, they will definitely tell others about it. Therefore, the word of mouth is a great marketing tool. He has been described by many as a laughable and goofy individual, a personality that is carried to the work environment. He keeps the employees happy but ensures that they accomplish  the companys goals. However, his word is always final. As much as everyone is allowed to be innovative, the final decision comes from Bezos. This kind of leadership limits what the executives can do but that is the culture at Amazon. One of the former employees alleged that Amazon.com is to some extend run as a sole proprietorship (Kendrick Vershinina, 2010). The culture of Amazon promotes openness among all employees. The top management, including Bezos, supports this culture and every other employee adheres to it. It has allowed everyone to share any innovations and different ideas that would make the company better. Because of the advance, a customer can use his previous payment information to buy other products, through the one-click ordering technology. Bezos management style is customer-centric (Marques, 2007). The company understands that it is all about providing what the customer wants. According to Daft Marcic (2010), Bezos management style also ensures that the leaders keep their egos in check. The needs of the company come before the managements whims. Nonetheless, he also ensures that the management works together to improve the brand and leadership style. Weekly management meetings are held for four hours. The executives are expected to make presentations regarding new products, pricing strategies, technologies, or cost-control measures in the company. He then asks questions to his satisfaction. Therefore he is very strict and precise on what should be done. He asks for every possible form of evidence or data on the problem being tackled. As a leader, he is also persevering and hardworking. Despite all the struggles he went through to begin his company. He persevered and worked hard to remain competitive. In fact, he argues that most investors give up too quickly. If he had given up, he would not have managed to raise $1million to launch his company. Moreover, he believes that ownership matters when building a good company (Marques, 2007). The owner of a company thinks long-term unlike an employee who thinks in terms of his salary. Therefore, the owner is able to plead passionately to ensure that his ideas and projects succeed. His hiring bar is raised higher. When hiring, he looks for people he can admire and learn from. Therefore, he looks for the best employees and does not compromise on the right skills and quality of work. However, Bezos asserts that Amazon is not always keen on what will happen in the next quarter. The company is willing to invest in an employee and wait to reap the benefits in future. Furthermore, he only spends money on the issues that matter. For the companys headquarters in 1990s was located on Seattles skid row. Even when the company was worth about $500 million, the company was still located in the same building. Bezos believes in spending money on things that matter (Daft Marcic, 2010). Nonetheless, there is the Just Do It award that is given to employees who come up with positive innovations for the company (Thompson, 2011). It encourages employees to be creative. He also encourages innovation by hosting monthly lectures from renowned scientists. The lectures are aimed to spark new ideas in the employees that could revolutionize the company. However, he also decides whether or not an employee can pursue a new idea. The company also has special days where employees can come to work with their children. There is a special room where children can play games as their parents work. He uses the top-to-bottom management style. In some instances, he personally manages a project to make sure that it is done to his specifications. He believes that every manager or leader has to spend some time in the trenches. Therefore, it is his responsibility to oversee activities in the company, ones in a while. In fact, every year he spends a week at each of the companys warehouses checking on how things are run and looking for better ways to improve the company and make more profit. Ideally the working environment at Amazon is dominated by Bezos (Thompson, 2011). According to Goethals et al. (2004), the partnership strategy at Amazon has also been very successful. The company partnered with various companies like Drugstore.com, Pets.com, Kozmo.com and living.com among others by buying an equity stake in the companies to share their prosperity. Additionally, it  charged them placement fees on the site to promote the sites. Therefore partnerships have helped the company to make more profits and attract more customers. Bezos has greatly impacted the business world because of his wisdom and innovation. He was intelligent enough to quiet a good paying job to start his own from scratch. Although he began with selling books, he now dominates the internet with his company, Amazon.com. He also revolutionized shopping. Currently, every item, from a toothbrush to a car can be bought online because of his innovations. He is also known for contributing towards politics. For instance, in 2008, he contributed towards $100,000 to the Democrats to ensure that the income tax initiative in Washington was defeated. Anders, G. (2012, April 4). Jeff Bezos reveals his no. 1 leadership secret. _Forbes._ Retrieved June 16, 2013, from http://www.forbes.com/forbes/2012/0423/ceo-compensation-12-amazon-technology-jeff-bezos-gets-it.html Lyons, D. (2009, Dec 20). The customer is always right. _Newsweek Magazine_. Retrieved June 16, 2013, from http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/2009/12/20/the-customer-is-always-right.html Northouse, P. G. (2013). _Leadership: Theory and practice._ (6 ed.). Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publishing. The Worlds Billionaires. (2013). Retrieved June 16, 2013, from http://www.forbes.com/profile/jeff-bezos/

Embryo and Stem Cell Research :: Diseases Science Papers

Thesis: While embryo and stem cell research may one day provide treatments for many diseases; including Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, diabetes, paralysis and cancer, ethical consideration must be addressed in order for scientist to utilize human embryos for medical research. I. Introduction Stem cell research has shown a great promise and advance in its technique since 1998 when human pluripotent stem cells were isolated for the first time. Since then research on stem cells has received much public attention both because of their extraordinary potential in curing devastating diseases and because of relevant legal and ethical issues. While embryo stem cell research may one day provide treatments for many diseases, including Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, diabetes, paralysis and cancer, ethical consideration must be addressed in order for scientists to utilize human embryos for medical research. The purpose of this paper is to inform the reader about the stem cells and research involving embryonic stem cells and others, and to address some of the ethical and moral considerations. It is important to understand the basic concepts and terminology. The following section will give definitions, types and origins of stem cells. It will then be followed by further discussion of embryo stem cells, giving specific attention to their pluripotent characteristics and differences from adult stem cells. Finally the moral and ethical issues will be addressed from scientist and pro-life advocate's point of view. The stem cell research is still in its infancy and needs a lot of support and effort to advance further. In order to promote the advance of the techniques for the good of human kind, it is important to understand the topic and issues around the stem cell research and thus promote more stem cell research. II. Background Information What are Stem Cells? A stem cell is a special kind of cell that has a unique capacity to self-replicate and to give rise to specialized cells. There are three basic types of stem cells: totipotent, pluripotent, and multipotent. Totipotent stem cells, meaning their potential is total, have the capacity to give rise to every cell type of the body and have the potential to develop into a fetus when they are placed into the uterus (Wang, 2002). To date, no such totipotent stem cell lines (primary cell cultures) have been developed. Pluripotent stem cells, such as embryonic stem cells, are capable of generating types of cells that develop from the three germ layers (mesoderm, endoderm, and ectoderm) from which all the cells of the body arise (National Institutes of Health Department of Health and Human Service (NIH), 2001, p 2). Embryo and Stem Cell Research :: Diseases Science Papers Thesis: While embryo and stem cell research may one day provide treatments for many diseases; including Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, diabetes, paralysis and cancer, ethical consideration must be addressed in order for scientist to utilize human embryos for medical research. I. Introduction Stem cell research has shown a great promise and advance in its technique since 1998 when human pluripotent stem cells were isolated for the first time. Since then research on stem cells has received much public attention both because of their extraordinary potential in curing devastating diseases and because of relevant legal and ethical issues. While embryo stem cell research may one day provide treatments for many diseases, including Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, diabetes, paralysis and cancer, ethical consideration must be addressed in order for scientists to utilize human embryos for medical research. The purpose of this paper is to inform the reader about the stem cells and research involving embryonic stem cells and others, and to address some of the ethical and moral considerations. It is important to understand the basic concepts and terminology. The following section will give definitions, types and origins of stem cells. It will then be followed by further discussion of embryo stem cells, giving specific attention to their pluripotent characteristics and differences from adult stem cells. Finally the moral and ethical issues will be addressed from scientist and pro-life advocate's point of view. The stem cell research is still in its infancy and needs a lot of support and effort to advance further. In order to promote the advance of the techniques for the good of human kind, it is important to understand the topic and issues around the stem cell research and thus promote more stem cell research. II. Background Information What are Stem Cells? A stem cell is a special kind of cell that has a unique capacity to self-replicate and to give rise to specialized cells. There are three basic types of stem cells: totipotent, pluripotent, and multipotent. Totipotent stem cells, meaning their potential is total, have the capacity to give rise to every cell type of the body and have the potential to develop into a fetus when they are placed into the uterus (Wang, 2002). To date, no such totipotent stem cell lines (primary cell cultures) have been developed. Pluripotent stem cells, such as embryonic stem cells, are capable of generating types of cells that develop from the three germ layers (mesoderm, endoderm, and ectoderm) from which all the cells of the body arise (National Institutes of Health Department of Health and Human Service (NIH), 2001, p 2).

What made Delaney’s play dramatic for its audience?

A Taste of Honey was first produced at London's Royal Court Theatre in 1958. Britain in the 1950's was much different than it is now. During the 1950's single parents were a tiny minority of the population. Couples who were living together without getting married would have been condemned by society . Male homosexuality were a criminal offence and it was generally not safe for homosexuals to appear in public. Statistics show that in 1958 approximately 1 in 100 marriages ended in divorce compared to 1995 when approximately 1 in 3 marriages ended in divorce. Also in 1958 there were black communities in the United Kingdom in London, Bristol, Cardiff and Liverpool but they were not common elsewhere. In the 1990's approximately 1 in 20 British citizens is of African, Asian of Caribbean origin. The play A Taste of Honey explores all of the above themes which at the time in 1958 were controversial. The play confronts a range of social issues such as single motherhood, black and white, gay and straight and class. These issues are discussed in a frank manner and from a female point of view both of which were unusual for Britain in the 1950's. During the 1950's. The country was deeply religious quite unlike the Britain of today. During the 1950's the theatre going audience would largely have been made up of the upper classes. A favourite show at that time was â€Å"My Fair Lady† which is a play about a girl named Eliza Do-Little who is taught how to become a â€Å"proper â€Å"Lady. It would only have been in very rare circumstances that the working classes would have attended. To see a play of this nature covering such unsavoury topics would have shocked the middle class audience. You can read also Audience Adaptation Paper Although they were aware of the above issues it was unlikely that the average theatre going audience at that time would have had any direct contact with the themes covered. To see a play that was to display such a rollercoaster of emotions would have been quite dramatic in itself. A quote from Deuteronomy 5-6-21 â€Å"You shall not make wrongful use of the name of the Lord your God, for the lord will not forgive anyone who misuses his name â€Å"Throughout the play Helen and Peter often use blasphemous phrases when angry, which is something that the middle class audience would have found shocking. An example of this is where Peter says â€Å"God! We've got a founder member of the Lord's Day Observance Society here. † Another example is where Helen is speaking to Jo and Helen shouts â€Å"For God's sake shut up! Close your mouth for five minutes. â€Å"The devil is also referred to which is another element that would have startled the audience, not only is the devil mentioned but he is mentioned in front of children. The play is written in a way very similar to that of a soap opera. It has a timeless quality and it would not be out of place if a scene appeared in a soap opera such as Coronation Street today. Coronation Street first appeared in the early 1960's. The play was written to portray the lives of the working class. It was written in a very honest way without the use of â€Å"rose coloured spectacles†. Originally the play was going to be a novel but after seeing a Terence Rattigan play Delaney became disillusioned as Rattigan did not seem to be writing about the sort of places and people that she knew in Salford. The theatre of the 1950's, seemed to describe † safe ,sheltered, cultured lives in charming surroundings and not life as the majority of ordinary people knew it. This was the lifestyle that was more familiar to the Middle Classes. There is irony in the title â€Å"A Taste of Honey† this implies that it is a taste of something sweet or something pleasant. The only real â€Å"sweet† thing throughout the play is the relationship between Boy and Jo. Like Coronation Street the play is set in Salford in the North of England close to Manchester. As previously stated the play is set in a shabby, uncomfortable flat in a poor part of Manchester in Northern England. When Peter first visits the flat he asks â€Å"What on earth made you choose such a ghastly district? † Peter goes on to say â€Å"Nobody could live in a place like this† Jo replies â€Å"Only about a thousand people. Later on he is desperate to leave the flat and says â€Å"Those bloody little street kids have probably pulled the car to pieces by now†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. † â€Å"I just want to get the hell out of this black hole of Calcutta. † The above quotes give some insight into Peter's status simply by the fact that he owns a car as this would have been out of reach of most working class people. There is also a hint that Peter is racist with his comment about Calcutta. The middle class audience may have found this element of Peter amusing as they realised that they had more in common with Peter than the other characters. Today such a reference would be totally unacceptable. At this time in Manchester, following a gradual recovery from the war there were many buildings and homes that were sub standard needing urgent modernisation. Often there would be several families sharing the same latrine and bathing facilities. On occasions there would be no bathing facilities at all and a trip to the public baths would be the only place that a bath could be taken. This lack of facilities would have been unheard of amongst the upper classes. Over a period of time these buildings were upgraded or knocked down. This was referred to as slum clearance. A perfectly acceptable phrase then but now more pleasantly referred to as urban regeneration. The focus of the play is on Helen and Jo mother and daughter, their problems and their attempts to cope with life. The act opens with them in the process of moving into their new flat. The flat is in very poor condition cold and damp. Helen has a cold but despite this she is still able to bicker constantly with her daughter. The conversation is like verbal sparring. They bicker constantly over trivial matters such as making coffee or how often to bathe. It soon becomes clear that their relationship is one of ill concealed hostility. Jo does not call Helen mother or mum but refers to instead by her name Helen. The way in which Helen speaks to her daughter would be considered unacceptable today. â€Å"You stupid little devil† and â€Å"You silly little bitch â€Å". This language would have had even greater impact in the 1950's and was deliberately selected by the author to shock the middle class audience. Both Helen and Jo demean each other with comments such as Jo saying to Helen â€Å"You don't look forty. You look sort of well -preserved sixty† Each remark is rebuked and followed by a defensive comment. Helen is described as a crude semi- whore like and a drunk. She is barely forty and has been married and divorced, but her daughter Jo is the result of a brief fling . Peter, her latest conquest is a middle class, wealthy alcoholic womaniser. He is uncouth and racist. Peter often has a dirty tale to tell and is suggestive. He seems to have the manners that would normally be associated with the working class rather than the middle class. Jo attempts to improve their surroundings . Jo yearns for a real home and despite the dreadful condition of their new flat she attempts to give it a homely touch. She wants to plant bulbs and buy a new lampshade. It is the simple things in life that appeal to Jo. Jo is the result of a brief fling that has been raised in difficult circumstances . She has not had the benefit of one loving parent let alone two. There has been no father figure just a constant stream of Helen's boyfriends . This is illustrated when Jo says' you should have asked him to stay. It wouldn't be the first time I've been thrown out of my bed to make room for one of you is†¦ ‘ The fact that Helen is referred to as Helen by Jo reflects the lack of maternal feelings on Helen's behalf. The play at this point raises awareness amongst the middle classes about the plight of the single parent and I am sure that the audience though shocked at the reality would have some sympathy for both women although in different ways. Single parents would have been unheard of amongst the middle classes and if such a situation arose the female would have been forced into marriage to avoid a scandal. Jo is afraid of ‘darkness inside houses' which is an insight into the loneliness and fear that she feels as she is often left alone by her mother. The home is seen as a place of sanctuary, a place of warmth, comfort and love but this is not the case for Jo. Helen is not interested . in any of this she does not wish to make a home for Jo. She is very self centred and feels a bitterness towards Jo. When Jo tries to ask Helen for details about her father Helen replies ‘I didn't do it on purpose. How was I to know you'd materialize out of a little love affair that lasted five minutes? ‘ Jo accuses her mother of being indifferent and running away from her problems. Helen suffers from a lack of morals and does not think twice about leaving Jo unsupervised and alone. Jo displays a responsibility and maturity far beyond her years. Something that has always escaped her selfish immature mother. Nothing must stand in the way of her having a good time. It is clear that Peter had no idea that Helen had a daughter. Jo tries to ruin Helen's relationship with Peter in an attempt to keep her mother for herself. Jo is afraid of loosing her mother yet again. Jo eventually finds a boyfriend, â€Å"boy† He is a 23 year old black sailor. He is on leave over the Christmas period. He appears very casual but is sexually interested in Jo who is just fourteen but lies and tells boy that she is eighteen. Helen is yet again absent. Boy spends Christmas with Jo. Out of desperation and loneliness Jo is intimate with boy which in turn leads to a pregnancy. Although only fourteen she is not naive. She is fully aware that boy is only after ‘one thing ‘although professing to love her and is suspicious as to whether he will return. Boy leaves not knowing that Jo is pregnant. The themes that are explored here are those of underage sex which although fully aware went on the middle class audience would have been shocked to see it portrayed so vividly. Racism is also in evidence here. Simply because Jo's boyfriend is black, he is not worthy of a name and is referred to as boy. This is an example of how black people were thought of as the underclass and boy is often associated with the slave trade. Miscegenation was very much frowned upon by the upper classes. Increasingly lonely Jo invites Geoffrey, a gay man who she met at a fair to stay with her. The middle class audience are now confronted with homosexuality and although aware of its presence in their society. It would have been an activity that would have been conducted behind closed doors. They would not be used to having such a subject flaunted in public. Geoffrey flourishes in the role of caring for and protecting Jo. He cleans and helps with preparations for the birth of the baby. Geoffrey knows that because of his homosexuality this is probably the only chance he will ever have of being a father figure. Geoffrey knows also that he will never be able to have an openly gay relationship because it will be condemned by society and he will be the victim of abuse. Geoffrey and Jo get on well together in an attempt to be ‘normal. ‘ And fit in with an intolerant society. Geoffrey asks Jo to marry him. Jo is not in control of her emotions. She hates the idea of love and motherhood but at the same time is in need of someone to love her. Jo says to Geoffrey ‘You've got nice hands, hard. You know I used to try and hold my mother's hands but she always used to pull them away from me. So silly, really. She had so much love for everyone else but none for me. †She refers to Geoffrey as her big sister, and he is very tolerant of her mood swings. Geoffrey brings Helen back to visit Jo. She is very critical and hostile towards him. Peter arrives and is also very hostile towards Geoffrey. They make jokes about his homosexuality which reflects society attitude towards homosexuality. Peter says ‘Well, is anybody coming for a few drinks? You Staying with the ladies, Jezebel. Peter also refers to Geoffrey as Mary. Helen refers to him as ‘an arty little freak. ‘ In the final scene of the play Jo is in the latter stages of her pregnancy. Jo and Geoffrey are still getting along well. Jo does get upset at one point when Geoffrey buys her a baby doll to help her to learn how to look after the baby. It is a white doll not a black one. Jo threatens to kill the baby. Helen leaves Peter and returns to the flat. Peter has been chatting up a younger woman . Helen seems willing to help Jo and Geoffrey is driven out of the flat. Helen feels that Geoffrey has taken her place. Sadly this situation changes when Jo tells Helen that the father is black. It is at this point in the play that the father of Jo's baby is referred to as Jimmie rather than boy. Helen leaves the flat to go for a drink but the implication is that she may have left for good. Jo is left on her own, smiling but unaware that Geoffrey will not return. The characters in the play are depicted as honest and realistic and full of substance the play gave an accurate account of working class lives . Delaney wanted her characters to be resilient, not depressed by the harshness of their environment. They have to take everyday knocks in their stride . It would have been unusual in the 1950's for a black man and a homosexual man to be presented as natural characters and not placed in the play as freaks or to provide comedy. The comedy in this play comes from the characters themselves and the situations in which they find themselves. The play ends sadly for Jo who will once again be alone. She will however, have a child and something of her own to love. There is however, a positive note a new beginning, a new life . It creates a positive feeling for life. At last Boy has a name Jimmie. The play helps the audience realize that no matter what colour, or class, or sexuality we are all equal. The fact that the play ends with a song is uplifting. Throughout the play it was boy who made up these little songs and who sang them to her. The fact that she is singing a song as she is alone brings back memories of a time when she was happy. When life for her was sweet. It was a time when she had ‘A Taste of Honey' The themes explored in depth above of the class system, dysfunctional families, (a single mother with a child of dual heritage living with a homosexual male who is not related to her. Racism, homophobia, alcoholism, prostitution, dialogue, offensive language all contribute to the fact that Delaney's play was dramatic for its audience. The dialogue is witty sharp and unsentimental. The issues covered in the play are still fresh and anyone one of them could be headline news tomorrow. It portrays complex relationships which are constantly at the forefront in today 's society. Some critics actually saw Delaney's work as a protest against working class poverty and the hopelessness of a flawed social system. The play demanded attention and as a result the public began to change their attitude towards art and society. I think that the ending of the play is one of the most dramatic moments throughout. Jo is left on her own, waiting to give birth to a black child, which as discussed before was frowned upon in that time. This would be said to be a Hollywood ending as many of us believe that Hollywood endings are make believe, they are this to impress the audience as situations in this matter would not have happened, which leads us to think is it real? This then relates to a book â€Å"The Catcher in The Rye† because the book is about phoneys, although how it is all real and makes us think of the situation. This in relation to â€Å"a Taste Of honey† is quite similar, because although the ending is dramatic, situations like this happened in the 1950's and the fact Jo was abandoned because of her black child was not frowned upon, because it seemed like the right thing to do.

Beauty May Only Be Skin Deep

While many postulate that beauty is not the most important thing in a person's life, reality sometimes dealt people with a hard blow. New parents are always anxious that their child would look good not only for their sake but mostly for the child's sake. Society may well deny that beauty is not a hindrance to success and popularity but even as people are growing up, the good-looking girls and boys get more attention and are forgiven their mischiefs with the proper contrite looks on angelic faces. Relatives and friends would always remark on how beautiful a child is.Even if grown ups know that beauty is just skin deep, it is deeply entrenched in society that it becomes automatic and a point of conversation. In the job market, applicants try their best to look good because it could only be their edge against many others. The Economist says in an article that if appearance is not important in a job, why would people take the trouble of dressing up? Particularly in jobs that involve deal ing with people, employers would require, without including it in the requirements, that the candidates should be pleasing to the eyes.For instance, a flight attendant need not finish college but she must have perfect skin and teeth. For no apparent reason other than having perfect skin is good to look at, airline companies would prefer a college drop-out with stunning good looks rather than a comparatively more intelligent person whose physical appearance is not as flawless. In interpersonal relationships, people tend to gravitate toward beautiful people because they are generally thought to be more fun to be with. People who possess natural beauty could turn out fun and outgoing if they are not blinded and spoilt by too much adoration in their formative years.Many gorgeous celebrities are often caught behaving disorderly in public because their adoring public make sometimes make them blind to their faults. References Women's Health/Gynecology. (2008, August 19). America's Beauty O bsession Poses Serious Consequences for Women and Girls, Report Reveals. Retrieved October 7, 2008, from http://www. medicalnewstoday. com/articles/118588. php The Economist. (2007, December 19). To Those That Have, Shall be Given. Retrieved October 7, 2008, from http://results. myhpf. co. uk/framedresults. asp? Keyword=beauty+and+job+

Mandatory College essays

Mandatory College essays Today, many institutions face several problems such as low graduation rates, below average or failing academic marks, and students who simply do not want to focus on school anymore. A solution to the unemployment crisis and as a means of raising the standard of education in the Unites States, a bill being sponsored by several senators would entail two years of college for all students in search of employment after college. As a result, more effort would be applied in school resulting in better marks for the student and for the institution. Students would have the opportunity to focus more seriously on school rather than being concerned about seeking employment because one would almost be guaranteed an occupation after college. This bill would have all future high school graduates head off directly to college decreasing the drop-out rate and developing a sense of responsibility and maturity. Also, better jobs with higher pay would be easier to take hold of by better-qualified, educate d persons. Therefore, a bill proposing three years of mandatory college would not only help solve the unemployment problem in the United States, it would raise the standard of education and help qualified persons find employment after a strong educational background has been established. If students would be aware of the consequences of dropping out of high school or college before the third year of college, they simply would not do it. The bill would clearly state that no students would be allowed to drop out of high school or college before the third year of college, and no one would be permitted to hold a job unless he or she has completed two years of compulsory college. In this case, more effort would be applied toward finishing well in school with good enough marks to attend college. This would not only help the students but the institution, as well, because high marks from students equal a higher success rate for the school. It is like many other...

Bad Day of Biking

The day we went bike riding in Adventure Physical Education tried me the most. We headed out; I was biking and talking with my friends. After the teacher leading us took us in the wrong direction, we turned around. At this point we stopped at a restroom. When I came out, everyone had left and they were going up to the fork in the path. I hopped on my bike and started pedaling fast to try and catch up because I didn’t know which path they were going to choose. I was pedaling faster and faster when my chain skipped. I flew half way over the handle bars as the bike fell on its side. My leg was caught under the bike and it skid along the concrete for at least ten feet. I didn’t know what to do, so I slowly got out from under the bike, assessed how badly I was injured and the condition of my bike. I had a burn mark that was half the size of my shin, my knee had two gouges out of it, I was bleeding and my forearm was gashed open. My bike was usable, but was bent and it wouldn’t shift gears. My teacher, Ms. Kelm, made us put her cell number in our phones so if anything were to happen, we could get a hold of her. I called her and there was no answer. I tried my friend’s cells because they were in my class. No luck. No cavalry was coming to help me, so I cleaned off the mess and biked until I found Ms. Kelm up the path. She gave me alcohol wipes to disinfect my wounds and I started my long and tedious bike back to our meeting place for lunch. I had to bike the rest of the day, otherwise I wouldn’t get credit for the class. I biked 40 miles that day, at least 30 of it injured with my bike on one of the hardest gears. That day had tried me the most, but I kept going because I knew I had to. In my life, when I’m faced with difficult obstacles, I just k eep going, looking for the right path and I don’t stop until I’ve found it.

Answer for few Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Answer for few Questions - Assignment Example The rate of criminalization was high in African Americans which lead to black power movement. In 1964, the Black power movement became the civil rights movement as the Democratic Party declined to seat Black Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP) (Gilmore, 1998.pp.175). When Black Americans realized the fact that there was no hope for them to obtain equal rights as White Americans, this issue then became the cause of major disorders and riots all over the land. Racism has played an important role in making the criminal history of the United States of America. The inequality in terms of economic rights and social rights caused the Black Americans to become violent. The white people were the true players who fought battles against people of color and different races. Surplus The essential fact behind this crime scene was that moral panic was greater than the crime. There are many crises which combined and resulted in the form of prisons and prisoner. There are social crisis and ec onomic crisis. The history of the crimes and prisons has roots indeed. The United States had the surplus ideology in the name of defence. Whether it was a conflict against Native Americans or the anti-capitalist movements there have been many crises in the history of the United States. During the period of 1970s the nation faced depression and there were surplus of crisis. The consequences of 1973-7 recession were combined with the surplus of 1981-4 recession and again in 1990-4. (Gilmore, 1998. pp 177). Prison Industrial Complex The Prison Industrial complex is the term first used by activist and the scholars to refuse the common thought that the increased rate of crime is the reason of constructing prisons. They argue that the main causes of the increased population of these prisons are profits and racism. There is exploitation of prisoners and the prisons by the big corporations, government and the communities (Davis, 2003.pp. 84). The 13th Amendment The thirteenth Amendment to t he United States constitution officially outlaws slavery except as punishment for crime (Davis, 2003.pp. 23). On April 8, 1864, it was passed by the senate and adopted on December 6, 1865. There was a history of slavery in the United States and it was abolished later, but the concept was so prominent that white abolitionists even found it difficult to imagine Black people equal. After the abolition of slavery, its effects on the society were still present in the forms of lynching and segregation. There is a relation of prisons to the slavery, segregation and lynching because all these social institutions like prison were considered as everlasting as sun. It can be clearly observed that slavery resulted due to racism and there is several evidence of prisons working as racist institutions and they are obsolete, whereas racial discrimination is also observed inside the prison walls and among prisoners. We just consider racism in terms of black and white, but we ignore racism in term am ong colored people. After the September 9, 2011, the mass of people were arrested who were Middle Eastern, South Asian and mainly Muslims. So, the question arises are prisons racist institutions? If it is the case, then like racism the prisons are also obsolete. Prisons are a â€Å"geographical solution to socioeconomic problems†